Climate change adaptation refers to actions that help reduce vulnerability to climate change's current or expected impacts like weather extremes and natural disasters, sea-level rise, biodiversity loss, or food and water insecurity. Many adaptation measures need to happen locally, so rural communities and cities have a big role to play. Such measures include planting crop varieties more resistant to drought and practicing regenerative agriculture, improving water storage and use, managing land to reduce wildfire risks, and building stronger defenses against extreme weather like floods and heat waves.